Quick answer: To convert °F to °C, subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9. To convert °C to °F, multiply by 9/5 and add 32. The most common one: 350°F = 177°C, and most recipes round that to 180°C (gas mark 4).
You found a great recipe from a UK blog that says 180°C, gas mark 4, or “160°C fan”, and your oven only shows Fahrenheit. Or the reverse. Here is the chart, the math, and the fan-oven adjustment that most conversion tables skip.
Oven temperature conversion chart
| °F | °C (exact) | °C (used in recipes) | Gas mark | Fan oven °C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 250 | 121 | 120 | ½ | 100 |
| 275 | 135 | 140 | 1 | 120 |
| 300 | 149 | 150 | 2 | 130 |
| 325 | 163 | 160 | 3 | 140 |
| 350 | 177 | 180 | 4 | 160 |
| 375 | 191 | 190 | 5 | 170 |
| 400 | 204 | 200 | 6 | 180 |
| 425 | 218 | 220 | 7 | 200 |
| 450 | 232 | 230 | 8 | 210 |
| 475 | 246 | 240 | 9 | 220 |
The “used in recipes” column is rounded to match how UK and international recipes are written. The fan column subtracts 20°C, the usual rule, but check your oven manual because makers differ.
The formulas
- Fahrenheit to Celsius: (°F − 32) × 5 ÷ 9
- Celsius to Fahrenheit: (°C × 9 ÷ 5) + 32
Worked examples:
- 400°F: (400 − 32) × 5 ÷ 9 = 368 × 5 ÷ 9 = 204°C
- 190°C: (190 × 9 ÷ 5) + 32 = 342 + 32 = 374°F, so set 375°F
Quick mental shortcut: subtract 30, then halve, for a rough Celsius figure. Fine for roasting vegetables, not accurate enough for delicate baking.
How to convert an oven temperature in 3 steps
- Find the starting value. Note the number and its scale (°F, °C or gas mark) and whether the recipe is for a fan oven.
- Look it up in the chart. Match the row, then read the °C, °F or gas mark column you need.
- Adjust for your oven. Subtract 20°C (25°F) for fan or convection, then set the nearest dial value and check the food a few minutes early.
Worked example: a UK recipe on a US fan oven
The recipe says 180°C (conventional). 180°C is 356°F, so 350°F on a standard oven. With fan or convection on, reduce by 25°F and set 325°F.
Fan, convection and conventional ovens
A fan circulates hot air, so food cooks faster and browns more. Recipes are usually written for a conventional oven (heat from the top and bottom elements). If you use fan or convection mode:
- Celsius recipes: reduce by about 20°C.
- Fahrenheit recipes: reduce by about 25°F.
- Check the food 5 to 10 minutes early, or follow your oven manufacturer’s guidance.
When a recipe says “180°C / 160°C fan”, it is giving you both numbers, so use the one that matches your oven mode.
Gas mark explained
Gas marks are used mainly in the UK and Ireland. Each mark up from 4 adds about 25°F, and the scale runs from ¼ to 9. If you see a gas mark you don’t recognise, check the chart above rather than guessing, since a two-mark mistake is a 50°F difference.
Why your oven may not match its dial
Home ovens can run 25°F or more off their setting, and they swing above and below the target as the element cycles. A cheap oven thermometer hung on the middle rack tells you the real temperature. If you find yours runs cool, set it higher by the difference. This often fixes the “my cookies never match the recipe” problem more than any conversion does.
Air fryer note
A common rule of thumb for adapting an oven recipe to an air fryer is to lower the temperature by about 25°F (15 to 20°C) and shorten the time by roughly 20 percent. Models vary a lot, so check early and use the manufacturer’s chart where you have one.
Related tools
For other kitchen conversions, use the Cooking Unit Converter. If the recipe also lists ounces, read ounces to cups. If you are swapping a tin, see the baking pan size conversion guide.
Frequently asked questions
What is 350°F in Celsius?
350°F is 177°C, usually rounded to 180°C in recipes (gas mark 4).
What is 180°C in Fahrenheit?
180°C is 356°F. Set 350°F on an American oven.
What is 200°C in Fahrenheit?
200°C is 392°F, normally set as 400°F (gas mark 6).
Do I lower the temperature for a fan oven?
Yes. Reduce it by about 20°C (25°F) unless your oven manual says otherwise.
What gas mark is 375°F?
375°F is gas mark 5, or 190°C.
Is 160°C the same as 325°F?
Yes, 160°C is 320°F, which is set as 325°F (gas mark 3).
Source note: the Fahrenheit and Celsius formulas follow the standard conversion factors in NIST Special Publication 811. Gas mark equivalents are the commonly published values, and individual ovens vary, so check your manufacturer’s chart.
Last updated: October 2026.
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